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Properties of substance:

potassium nitrate

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless rhombic crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

KNO3

Structural formula as text:

KNO3

Molar/atomic mass: 101.1

Melting point (°C):

334

Decomposition temperature (°C):

400

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

acetic acid: 0.1765 (25°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.01 (18°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 0.0233 (25°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 10 (-35°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 10.52 (0°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 10.4 (25°C) [Ref.]
deuterium oxide: 31 (25°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: insoluble [Ref.]
dimethylformamide: 1.5 (25°C) [Ref.]
dimethylsulfoxide: 11.4 (31°C) [Ref.]
dimethylsulfoxide: 13.9 (75°C) [Ref.]
ethanol: insoluble [Ref.]
ethanol 50%: 3.7 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 90%: 0.3 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: insoluble [Ref.]
ethylene glycol : soluble [Ref.]
ethylenediamine: 0.37 (25°C) [Ref.]
glycerol: soluble [Ref.]
hydrazine: 14 (20°C) [Ref.]
hydrogen cyanide: 5.04 (-13.5°C) [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : soluble [Ref.]
methanol: 0.61 (25°C) [Ref.]
methylamine: sparingly soluble [Ref.]
nickel tetracarbonyl: insoluble [Ref.]
nitric acid: 48.4 (14°C) [Ref.]
nitric acid: 59.2 (19.5°C) [Ref.]
nitric acid: 107 (50°C) [Ref.]
sulfuric acid: solvolysis [Ref.]
trichloroethylene: 0.01 (15°C) [Ref.]
water: 13.1 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 21.2 (10°C) [Ref.]
water: 31.6 (20°C) [Ref.]
water: 37.9 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 46 (30°C) [Ref.]
water: 63.9 (40°C) [Ref.]
water: 110.1 (60°C) [Ref.]
water: 168.8 (80°C) [Ref.]
water: 243.6 (100°C) [Ref.]
water: 786 (200°C) [Ref.]

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

water 41.86%, nitric acid 5.2%, potassium nitrate 17.68%, sodium nitrate 35.26%, 25 °C, separating phase: NaNO3 + KNO3 [Ref.]
water 37.13%, nitric acid 38.98%, potassium nitrate 16.74%, sodium nitrate 7.15%, 25 °C, separating phase: NaNO3 + KNO3 * 2HNO3 [Ref.]
water 33.07%, nitric acid 62.59%, potassium nitrate 1.02%, sodium nitrate 3.32%, 25 °C, separating phase: NaNO3 + KNO3 * 2HNO3 [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

10% (wt.), solvent - water
  Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 0.97 (20°)
  Density (g/cm3) = 1.0627 (20°)
  Index of refraction = 1.3425 (20°)
  Freezing point (°C) = -2.75

Numerical data:

Critical relative humidity (%): 92.7
Bitter taste threshold concentrations (mM): 1.31

Density:

2.11 (16°C, g/cm3)

Viscosity (mPa·s):

2.73 (350°C)
2.09 (400°C)
1.6 (460°C)
1.38 (500°C)
1.21 (550°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-494.5 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-493.2 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

132.93 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

95.1 (s)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

9.8

LD50 (mg/kg):

3540 (rats, oral)

References:

  1. Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 833-850
  2. Stern K.H. High temperature properties and thermal decomposition of inorganic salts with oxyanions. - CRC Press, 2001. - pp. 163
  3. Вредные вещества в промышленности: Справочник для химиков, инженеров и врачей. - 7-е изд., Т.3. - Л.: Химия, 1976. - pp. 120 [Russian]
  4. Ефимов А.И. и др. Свойства неорганических соединений. Справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1983. - pp. 130-131 [Russian]
  5. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 68 [Russian]
  6. Справочник азотчика. - М.: Химия, 1987. - pp. 205-219 [Russian]
  7. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 160, 697-698 [Russian]
  8. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 4. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1995. - pp. 72 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru