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Properties of substance:

L-ascorbic acid



skc-file

Synonyms:

vitamin C

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C6H8O6

Molar/atomic mass: 176.12

Melting point (°C):

191

Decomposition temperature (°C):

192

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

2-propanol: 0.15 (20°C) [Ref.]
2-propanol: 0.18 (25°C) [Ref.]
2-propanol: 0.23 (30°C) [Ref.]
2-propanol: 0.29 (35°C) [Ref.]
2-propanol: 0.36 (40°C) [Ref.]
2-propanol: 0.48 (45°C) [Ref.]
2-propanol: 0.6 (50°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.079 (20°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.097 (25°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.112 (30°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.13 (35°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.155 (40°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.176 (45°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.194 (50°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 0.086 (20°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 0.103 (25°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 0.12 (30°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 0.146 (35°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 0.172 (40°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 0.193 (45°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 0.26 (50°C) [Ref.]
benzene: insoluble [Ref.]
carbon tetrachloride: insoluble [Ref.]
chloroform: insoluble [Ref.]
diethyl ether: insoluble [Ref.]
ethanol 96%: 3.33 (0°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 96%: 4.61 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 96%: 5.5 (30°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 96%: 6.62 (40°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 96%: 8.27 (50°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 96%: 10.65 (60°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 96%: 17.76 (78°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 0.88 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 2.5 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 1.05 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 1.23 (30°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 1.48 (35°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 1.78 (40°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 2.06 (45°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 2.28 (50°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 0.02 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 0.026 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 0.034 (30°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 0.046 (35°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 0.06 (40°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 0.076 (45°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 0.096 (50°C) [Ref.]
glycerol: 0.79 (20°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 5.59 (20°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 6.02 (25°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 6.76 (30°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 7.39 (35°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 8.44 (40°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 9.37 (45°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 10.26 (50°C) [Ref.]
monochlorbenzene: insoluble [Ref.]
petroleum ether: insoluble [Ref.]
propylene glycol: 4.8 (25°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofuran: 0.13 (20°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofuran: 0.164 (25°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofuran: 0.213 (30°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofuran: 0.257 (35°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofuran: 0.313 (40°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofuran: 0.374 (45°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofuran: 0.426 (50°C) [Ref.]
vegetable oils: insoluble [Ref.]
water: 13.59 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 16.33 (6.99°C) [Ref.]
water: 17.79 (10°C) [Ref.]
water: 29.15 (20°C) [Ref.]
water: 33.43 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 38.38 (30°C) [Ref.]
water: 44.75 (35°C) [Ref.]
water: 30.75 (40°C) [Ref.]
water: 38.24 (50°C) [Ref.]
water: 42.34 (60°C) [Ref.]
water: 64.57 (70°C) [Ref.]
water: 50.47 (80°C) [Ref.]
water: 57.51 (100°C) [Ref.]

Density:

1.65 (25°C, g/cm3)

Electrode potential:

дегидроаскорбиновая кислота + 2H+ + 2e- → аскорбиновая кислота, E = -0.058 V (water, 25°C)

Dissociation:

pKa (1) = 4.1 (24°C, water)
pKa (2) = 11.79 (16°C, water)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH (298 K, kJ/mol)

-1164.6 (s) [Ref.]

LD50 (mg/kg):

3367 (mice, oral)
518 (mice, intravenous)
643 (mice, intraperitoneal)

References:

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 3-28
  2. Clarke's isolation and identification of drugs. - 2ed. - London: Pharmaceutical press, 1986. - pp. 360-361
  3. Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data. - 2010. - Vol. 55, No. 4. - pp. 1718-1721 [DOI: 10.1021/je900687y]
  4. Kleemann A. Pharmaceutical Substances. - 2000. - pp. 137-138
  5. Lewis R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. - 11ed. - Wiley-interscience, 2004. - pp. 309-310
  6. Stahl P.H., Wermuth C.G. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use. - Wiley-VCH, 2002. - pp. 271-272
  7. The Merck Index 11th ed., Merck & Company, 1989. - pp. 130-131
  8. Yalkowsky S.H., Yan H. Handbook of aqueous solubility data. - CRC Press, 2003. - pp. 277
  9. Березовский В.М. Химия витаминов. - М.: Пищевая промышленность, 1973. - pp. 19-56 [Russian]
  10. Девис М., Остин дж., Патридж Д. Витамин С: химия и биохимия. - М.: Мир, 1999 [Russian]
  11. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 125 [Russian]
  12. Руководство к лабораторным занятиям по фармацевтической химии. - Под ред. Арзамасцева А.П. - М.: Медицина, 1987. - pp. 147 [Russian]
  13. Скурихин И.М., Нечаев А.П. Все о пище с точки зрения химика. - М.: Высшая школа, 1991. - pp. 244 [Russian]
  14. Фруентов Н.К. Лекарственные растения Дальнего Востока. - Хабаровск: Хабаровское книжное издательство, 1987. - pp. 8 [Russian]
  15. Халецкий А.М. Фармацевтическая химия. - Л.: Медицина, 1966. - pp. 634-638 [Russian]
  16. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 1. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1988. - pp. 384-385 [Russian]
  17. Шнайдман Л.О. Производство витаминов. - М., 1973. - pp. 236-296 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru