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Properties of substance:

tellurium

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

trigonal crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Te

Structural formula as text:

Te

Molar/atomic mass: 127.6

Melting point (°C):

449.8

Boiling point (°C):

990

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

carbon disulphide: insoluble [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : insoluble [Ref.]
iodine liquid: soluble [Ref.]
mercury: 0.01 (20°C) [Ref.]
methylene iodide: 0.1 (12°C) [Ref.]
water: insoluble [Ref.]

Numerical data:

Year of discovery: 1782
Hardness on the Mohs’ scale: 2.5

Density:

6.25 (25°C, g/cm3)

Reactions:

  1. [Ref.1aster, Ref.2aster]
    Te + 3F2 → TeF6
  2. [Ref.1]
    Au + 2Te → AuTe2
  3. [Ref.1]
    2K + Te → K2Te

Half-life:

10552Te = 633 ns (α (about 100%))
10652Te = 78 μs (α (100%))
10752Te = 3.1 ms (α (70%))
10852Te = 2.1 s (β+ (51%), α (49%), β+p (2.4%))
10952Te = 4.6 s (β+ (96.1%), α (3.9%))
11052Te = 18.6 s (β+ (about 100%), α )
11152Te = 26.2 s (β+ (100%))
11252Te = 2.0 min (β+ (100%))
11352Te = 1.7 min (β+ (100%))
11452Te = 15.2 min (β+ (100%))
11552Te = 5.8 min (β+ (100%))
115m52Te = 6.7 min (β+ (about 100%))
115n52Te = 7.5 μs (internal transition (100%))
11652Te = 2.49 h (β+ (100%))
11752Te = 62 min (electron capture (75%), β+ (25%))
11852Te = 6.00 d (electron capture (100%))
11952Te = 16.05 h (electron capture (97.94%), β+ (2.06%))
119m52Te = 4.70 d (electron capture (99.59%), β+ (0.41%))
12052Te = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,09%))
12152Te = 19.17 d (β+ (100%))
121m52Te = 164.2 d (internal transition (88.6%), β+ (11.4%))
12252Te = stable ( (isotopic abundance 2,55%))
12352Te = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,89%))
123m52Te = 119.2 d (internal transition (100%))
12452Te = stable (mass excess -90524,5 keV (isotopic abundance 4,74%))
12552Te = stable (mass excess -89022,2 keV (isotopic abundance 7,07%))
125m52Te = 57.40 d (internal transition (100%))
12652Te = stable ( (isotopic abundance 18,84%))
12752Te = 9.35 h (β- (100%))
12852Te = 2.2 · 1024 y (2β (100%); mass excess -88992,1 keV (isotopic abundance 31,74%))
12952Te = 69.6 min (β (100%); mass excess -87003,2 keV)
13052Te = 7.9 · 1020 y (2β (100%); mass excess -87351,4 keV (isotopic abundance 34,08%))
13152Te = 25 min (β (100%))
131m52Te = 30 h (β (77.8%), ИП (22.2%))
13252Te = 3.204 d (β (100%))
132m52Te = 145 ns (internal transition (100%))
132n52Te = 28.1 μs (internal transition (100%))
132p52Te = 3.70 μs (internal transition (100%))
13352Te = 12.5 min (β- (100%))
133m52Te = 55.4 min (β- (83.5%), internal transition (16.5%))
133n52Te = 100 ns (internal transition (100%))
13452Te = 41.8 min (β- (100%))
134m52Te = 164.1 ns (internal transition (100%))
13552Te = 19.0 s (β- (100%))
135m52Te = 511 ns (internal transition (100%))
13652Te = 17.63 s (β- (100%), β-n (1.31%))
13752Te = 2.49 s (β- (100%), β-n (2.99%))
13852Te = 1.4 s (β- (100%), β-n (6.3%))

Vapour pressure (Torr):

0.00001 (254°C)
0.0001 (289°C)
0.001 (329°C)
0.01 (376°C)
0.1 (432°C)
1 (517°C)
10 (632°C)
100 (792°C)

Electrode potential:

Te + 2H+ + 2e- → H2Te(aq), E = -0.464 V (water, °C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

0 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

0 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

49.5 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

25.77 (s)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

17.5

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol):

51

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

215.6 (g)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

182.6 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

20.786 (g)

References:

  1. Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 1526
  2. Вредные химические вещества: Неорганические соединения элементов V-VIII групп. Справочник. - Л., 1989. - pp. 288-289 [Russian]
  3. Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.2. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 100-118 [Russian]
  4. Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 51 [Russian]
  5. Девяткин В.В., Ляхова Ю.М. Химия для любознательных, или о чем не узнаешь на уроке. - Ярославль: Академия Холдинг, 2000. - pp. 83 [Russian]
  6. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 103 [Russian]
  7. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 617 [Russian]
  8. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 4. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1995. - pp. 513-515 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru