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Properties of substance:

sodium tetrahydroborate

Synonyms:

sodium borohydride
sodium hydroborate

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless cubic crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

H4BNa

Structural formula as text:

NaBH4

Molar/atomic mass: 37.83

Melting point (°C):

500

Decomposition temperature (°C):

500

CAS №: 16940-66-2

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

1,2-diethoxyethane: slightly soluble [Ref.]
1,4-dioxane: practically insoluble [Ref.]
1-propylamine: 9.7 (28°C) [Ref.]
2-ethoxyethanol: slightly soluble [Ref.]
2-propanol: 0.4 (25°C) [Ref.]
2-propanol: 0.93 (60°C) [Ref.]
acetone: reaction [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 0.9 (28°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 104 (-33.3°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 99 (-22.5°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 104 (1.9°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 109 (25°C) [Ref.]
aniline: 0.6 (75°C) [Ref.]
cyclohexylamine: 1.8 (28°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: insoluble [Ref.]
diethylamine: slightly soluble [Ref.]
diethylene glycol monomethyl ether: 16.3 (25°C) [Ref.]
diglyme: 1.32 (0°C) [Ref.]
diglyme: 5.5 (25°C) [Ref.]
diglyme: 8 (45°C) [Ref.]
diglyme: 10 (75°C) [Ref.]
dimethylformamide: 18 (20°C) [Ref.]
dimethylformamide: 24.3 (30°C) [Ref.]
dimethylformamide: 24.9 (100°C) [Ref.]
dimethylsulfoxide: 5.8 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethanol: 4 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethanolamine: 7.74 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: slightly soluble [Ref.]
ethylamine: 20.9 (17°C) [Ref.]
ethylene glycol monomethyl ether: 16.7 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethylenediamine: 22 (75°C) [Ref.]
hydrazine: 25.4 (25°C) [Ref.]
isopropylamine: 6 (28°C) [Ref.]
isopropylamine: 6 (28°C) [Ref.]
methanol: reaction 16.4 (25°C) [Ref.]
methanol: soluble with reaction 17.7 (40°C) [Ref.]
methylamine: 27.6 (-20°C) [Ref.]
monoglyme: 0.8 (25°C) [Ref.]
morpholine: 1.4 (25°C) [Ref.]
morpholine: 2.5 (75°C) [Ref.]
n-butylamine: 4.9 (28°C) [Ref.]
propylene carbonate: insoluble (25°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 8.12 (5°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 3.1 (25°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 2.3 (75°C) [Ref.]
tert-butanol: 0.11 (25°C) [Ref.]
tert-butanol: 0.19 (60°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofuran: 0.1 (20°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol: soluble with reaction 14 (20°C) [Ref.]
triethylamine: slightly soluble [Ref.]
triglyme: 8.7 (25°C) [Ref.]
triglyme: 8.5 (50°C) [Ref.]
triglyme: 6.7 (100°C) [Ref.]
trimethyl borate: slightly soluble [Ref.]
water: 25 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 55 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 88.5 (60°C) [Ref.]
water: reaction (100°C) [Ref.]

Hygroscopic:

yes

Density:

1.07 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. [Ref.1]
    2NaHg + 2B2H6 → NaBH4 + NaB3H8 + 2Hg

Reactions:

  1. Yeild 91%. [Ref.1aster]
    NaBH4 + HCN → NaBH3CN + H2
  2. [Ref.1]
    2NaBH4 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + B2H6 + 2H2
  3. [Ref.1, Ref.2]
    2NaBH4 + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + B2H6 + 2H2

Half-life:

= 6 h (при 20 С в водном растворе. для очищенного борогидрида натрия)

Electrode potential:

H2BO3- + 5H2O + 8e- → BH4- + 8OH-, E = -1.24 V (water, 25°C)
B(OH)3 + 7H+ + 8e- → BH4- + 3H2O, E = -0.481 V (water, 25°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-183.3 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-119.5 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

101.3 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

86.78 (s)

References:

  1. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards. - 6 ed., Vol. 1. - Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999. - pp. 66-68
  2. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - CRC Press, Inc., 2002
  3. Progress in inorganic chemistry. - Vol. 11. - John Wiley & Sons, 1970. - pp. 112, 127-136
  4. Буданов В.В., Макаров С.В. Химия серосодержащих восстановителей (ронгалит, дитионит, диоксид тиомочевины). - М.: Химия, 1994. - pp. 28-29 [Russian]
  5. Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.1. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 164 [Russian]
  6. Жигач А.Ф., Стасиневич Д.С. Химия гидридов. - Л.: Химия, 1969. - pp. 395-427 [Russian]
  7. Краткая химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 3: Мальтаза-Пиролиз. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1964. - pp. 375 [Russian]
  8. Мальцева Н.Н., Хаин В.С. Борогидрид натрия: Свойства и применение. - М.: Наука, 1985 [Russian]
  9. Михайлов В.А. Химия бороводородов. - М.: Наука, 1967. - pp. 229 [Russian]
  10. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.2. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 25-26 [Russian]
  11. Общая органическая химия. - Т. 6, под ред. Бартона Д. и Оллиса В.Д. - М.: Химия, 1984. - pp. 245 [Russian]
  12. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 83 [Russian]
  13. Репинская И.Б., Шварцберг М.С. Избранные методы синтеза органических соединений. - Новосибирск, 2000. - pp. 119 [Russian]
  14. Ситтиг М. Натрий, его производство, свойства и применение. - М.: ГИЛОАНТ, 1961. - pp. 205-208 [Russian]
  15. Физер Л., Физер М. Реагенты для органического синтеза. - Т. 1: А-Е. - М., 1970. - pp. 381-382 [Russian]
  16. Хайош А. Комплексные гидриды в органической химии. - Л.: Химия, 1971. - pp. 53-64 [Russian]
  17. Химическая технология неорганических веществ. - Кн.1, под ред. Ахметова Т.Г. - М.: Высшая школа, 2002. - pp. 56-62 [Russian]
  18. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 1. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1988. - pp. 308 [Russian]
  19. Химический энциклопедический словарь. - Под ред. Кнунянц И.Л. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1983. - pp. 361 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru