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Properties of substance:

succinic acid

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless monoclinic crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C4H6O4

Structural formula as text:

HOOCCH2CH2COOH

Molar/atomic mass: 118.088

Melting point (°C):

183

Decomposition temperature (°C):

235

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

1-propanol: 2.11 (-1°C) [Ref.]
1-propanol: 4.79 (21.5°C) [Ref.]
1-propanol: 7.53 (39°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 4.89 (20°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : insoluble [Ref.]
benzene: 0.0042 (28°C) [Ref.]
carbon tetrachloride: 0.00092 (28°C) [Ref.]
chloroform: 0.014 (28°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: 1.2 (15°C) [Ref.]
ethanol: 9.9 (5°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 50%: 13.7 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 50%: 20.9 (30°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 90%: 7.51 (15°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 5.06 (-1°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 10.05 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 11.9 (30°C) [Ref.]
formic acid 95%: 2.06 (18.5°C) [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : very soluble [Ref.]
i-butanol: 2.73 (21.5°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 10.51 (-1°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 19.4 (21.4°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 28.7 (39°C) [Ref.]
p-cymene: 0.02 (25°C) [Ref.]
toluene: 0.0038 (28°C) [Ref.]
water: 6.8 (20°C) [Ref.]
water: 121 (100°C) [Ref.]

Density:

1.563 (20°C, g/cm3)

Dissociation:

pKa (1) = 4.21 (25°C, water)
pKa (2) = 5.64 (25°C, water)

Dipole moment (D):

2.2 (20°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH (298 K, kJ/mol)

-940.4 (s) [Ref.]
-823 (g) [Ref.]

Standard molar entropy S (298 K, J/(mol·K))

167.3 (s) [Ref.]

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298 K, J/(mol·K))

152.9 (s) [Ref.]

LD50 (mg/kg):

2260 (rats, oral)
1400 (mice, intravenous)
2702 (mice, intraperitoneal)

References:

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-26
  2. Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics. - 1987. - Vol. 19. - pp. 317-320
  3. Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 224-231
  4. Stahl P.H., Wermuth C.G. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use. - Wiley-VCH, 2002. - pp. 305-306
  5. Yalkowsky S.H., Yan H., Jain P. Handbook of aqueous solubility data. – 2nd ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 96-98
  6. Краткая химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5: Т-Я. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1967. - pp. 1096 [Russian]
  7. Мономеры для поликонденсации. - М.: Мир, 1976. - pp. 30-36 [Russian]
  8. Полюдек-Фабини Р., Бейрих Т. Органический анализ. - Л.: Химия, 1981. - pp. 151 [Russian]
  9. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - 2-е изд. - Л.: Химия, 1978. - pp. 201 [Russian]
  10. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 199, 224 [Russian]
  11. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 394 [Russian]
  12. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.2. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1962. - pp. 1135, 1272, 1317-1318 [Russian]
  13. Фрейдлин Г.Н. Алифатические дикарбоновые кислоты. - М., 1978 [Russian]
  14. Хёрд Ч.Д. Пиролиз соединений углерода. - Л.-М.: ГОНТИ РКТП СССР, 1938. - pp. 390-391 [Russian]
  15. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 533 [Russian]
  16. Химия и жизнь. - 1983. - №11. - pp. 61 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru