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Properties of substance:

polonium

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

cubic metal

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Po

Structural formula as text:

Po

Molar/atomic mass: 210

Melting point (°C):

254

Boiling point (°C):

962

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

water: insoluble [Ref.]

Numerical data:

Year of discovery: 1898

Density:

9.4 (20°C, g/cm3)

Half-life:

18884Po = 430 μs ()
18984Po = 5 ms ()
19084Po = 2.46 ms (α (about 100%))
19184Po = 22 ms (α (about 100%))
19284Po = 32.2 ms ()
19384Po = 420 ms ()
193m84Po = 240 ms ()
19484Po = 392 ms (α (about 100%))
194m84Po = 15 μs (internal transition (100%))
19584Po = 4.64 s (α (75%), β+ (15%))
195m84Po = 1.92 s (α (about 90%), β+ (about 10%))
19684Po = 5.56 s (α (94%), β+ (6%))
196m84Po = 850 ns (internal transition (100%))
19784Po = 53.6 s ()
197m84Po = 28.5 s ()
19884Po = 1.77 min (α (57%), β+ (43%))
198m84Po = 29 ns (internal transition (100%))
198n84Po = 200 ns (internal transition (100%))
198p84Po = 750 ns ()
19984Po = 5.48 min (β+ (92.5%), α (7.5%))
199m84Po = 4.17 min (β+ (73.5%), α (24%), internal transition (2.5%))
20084Po = 11.5 min (β+ (88.9%), α (11.1%))
20184Po = 15.3 min (β+ (98.4%), α (1.6%))
201m84Po = 8.9 min (β+ (41%), α (about 2.9%), internal transition (56%))
20284Po = 44.7 min ()
202m84Po = 200 ns (internal transition (100%))
20384Po = 36.7 min (β+ (99.89%), α (0.11%))
203m84Po = 45 s (internal transition (about 100%))
20484Po = 3.53 h (β+ (99.34%), α (0.66%))
20584Po = 1.66 h (β+ (99.96%), α (0.04%))
205m84Po = 58 ms (internal transition (100%))
205n84Po = 645 μs ()
20684Po = 8.8 d (β+ (94.55%), α (5.45%))
206m84Po = 222 ns (internal transition (100%))
206n84Po = 1.05 μs (internal transition (100%))
20784Po = 5.8 h (β+ (99.979%), α (0.021%))
207m84Po = 2.79 s (internal transition (100%))
207n84Po = 49 μs ()
20884Po = 2.898 y (β+ (0.00223%), α (99.99777%))
20984Po = 102 y (α (99.52%), β+ (0.48%))
21084Po = 138.376 d (α (100%))
210m84Po = 98.9 ns (internal transition (100%))
21184Po = 516 ms (α (100%))
211m84Po = 25.2 s (α (99.984%), internal transition (0.016%))
211n84Po = 250 ns (internal transition (about 100%))
211p84Po = 2 μs (internal transition (about 100%))
21284Po = 299 μs (α (100%))
212m84Po = 45.1 s (α (99.93%), internal transition (0.07%))
21384Po = 4.2 μs (α (100%))
21484Po = 164.3 μs (α (100%))
21584Po = 1.781 ms (α (99.99977%), β- (0.00023%))
21684Po = 145 ms (α (100%))
21784Po = 1.47 s (α (> 95%))
21884Po = 3.10 min (α (99.98%), β- (0.02%))

Vapour pressure (Torr):

0.01 (343°C)
0.1 (411°C)
1 (498°C)
10 (612°C)
100 (768°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

0 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

0 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

62.8 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

26.4 (s)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

12.6

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol):

58.6

References:

  1. Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry. - 1962. - Vol. 4. - pp. 197-209
  2. Holleman A.F., Wiberg E., Wiberg N. Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie. - Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1995. - pp. 619-622, 626-628
  3. Бекман И.Н. Радиохимия. Том II: Радиоактивные элементы. - М.: Издатель Мархитин П.Ю., 2014. - pp. 73-81 [Russian]
  4. Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.2. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 102, 106 [Russian]
  5. Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 51 [Russian]
  6. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 91 [Russian]
  7. Успехи химии. - 1960. - Т.29, №5. - pp. 686-707 [Russian]
  8. Физические величины. - Под ред. Григорьева И.С., Мейлихова Е.З. - М.: Энергоатомиздат, 1991. - pp. 1034 [Russian]
  9. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 4. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1995. - pp. 53-54 [Russian]
  10. Химический энциклопедический словарь. - Под ред. Кнунянц И.Л. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1983. - pp. 471 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru