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Properties of substance:

graphite

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

gray hexagonal crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C

Structural formula as text:

C

Molar/atomic mass: 12.011

Sublimation point (°C):

3700

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

mercury: insoluble [Ref.]
water: insoluble [Ref.]

Numerical data:

Hardness on the Mohs’ scale: 1.5

Density:

2.265 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions:

  1. Yeild 8%. [Ref.1]
    2C + H2 → C2H2
  2. [Ref.1]
    K + 8C → KC8
  3. [Ref.1]
    K + 16C → KC16

Half-life:

106C = 19.3 s (β+)
116C = 20.3 min (β+)
126C = stable (mass excess 0 keV (isotopic abundance 98,93%))
136C = stable (mass excess 3125 keV (isotopic abundance 1,07%))
146C = 5715 y (β-)
156C = 2.45 s (β-)
166C = 0.75 s (β-n)
176C = 0.19 s (β-n)
186C = 90 ms (β-n)
196C = 50 ms (n)
206C = 10 ms ()
216C = < 30 ns ()
226C = 9 ms (β-n)
86C = 0.0020 as (p)
96C = 127 ms ()

Vapour pressure (Torr):

0.000000001 (1591°C)
0.00000001 (1690°C)
0.0000001 (1800°C)
0.000001 (1922°C)
0.00001 (2160°C)
0.0001 (2217°C)
0.001 (2396°C)
0.01 (2543°C)
0.1 (2845°C)
1 (3214°C)
10 (3496°C)
100 (4373°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

0 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

0 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

5.74 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

8.54 (s)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

717 (g)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

158 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

20.8 (g)

References:

  1. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - CRC Press, Inc., 2002. - pp. 11-52
  2. Вредные химические вещества: Неорганические соединения элементов I-IV групп. Справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1988. - pp. 296-300 [Russian]
  3. Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.1. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 263 [Russian]
  4. Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 51 [Russian]
  5. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 499, 502, 505-506 [Russian]
  6. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 105 [Russian]
  7. Реми Г. Курс неорганической химии. - Т.1. - М., 1963. - pp. 461-463 [Russian]
  8. Тарасевич М.Р. Электрохимия углеродных материалов. - М.: Наука, 1984. - pp. 18-29 [Russian]
  9. Успехи химии. - 1965. - Т.34, №1. - pp. 132-153 [Russian]
  10. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 1. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1988. - pp. 607-608 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru